Magnetic Position Sensor
Magnetic angular position sensor integrated circuit (IC) is one of the most widely used industrial robots in consumption, professional service, society and application. Today, consumers, service professionals or almost everyone use two or more magnetic angular position sensor IC social robots.
At least one magnetic angular position sensor is used to rotate each axis or joint. Today, many robots use small and powerful DC motors to move their joints and limbs. In order to drive the motor correctly, the position of the motor needs to be fed back.
In addition, the closed-loop motor control of the robot joint needs to feedback the angle and position of the joint gear. Therefore, for robot joints, each motion axis needs two magnetic angular position sensors. The magnetic angle position sensor can provide motor commutation feedback for the joint motor controller.
For example, four magnetic position sensors are used for the ankle of a robot that needs to move axially in pitch and roll. Through this type of multiple connections for each joint, and for most robots, we can understand why magnetic angular position sensors are so prolific in the latest robot products.
Presence Sensor
Today, some sensor technologies have been integrated into today's robots, and their information has also been integrated to provide visual perception of space and robot object detection and avoidance. 2D and 3D stereo vision cameras usually appear in many new consumers and professional service robots today.
However, new advanced information sensor data technologies, including optical detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor networks, are increasingly deployed in robots. We provides better task execution and movement for robot development through high-resolution 3D mapping of operating space and surrounding living environment.
Similarly, ultrasonic sensors are used for sensing. Like the safety alarm system of the vertical car at the opposite end of the equipment, the ultrasonic sensor of the obstacles near the robot detects and prevents them from leaning against the wall, objects, other robots and humans.
In addition, they can also play a role in the main functional tasks of robots. Therefore, ultrasonic sensors play an important role in near-field navigation and obstacle avoidance, and ultimately improve the performance and safety of the robot.
However, the range management of ultrasonic detection sensors is limited, ranging from one centimeter to several meters, and the maximum development direction cone is about 30 °. Their cost control is relatively low, and good accuracy is formed in the close range, but their accuracy will decrease with the increase of time range and measurement technology angle.
They are also vulnerable to temperature and pressure changes, and are vulnerable to interference from other close robots. These robots use ultrasonic sensors tuned to the same frequency. However, when combined with other existing sensors, they can provide useful and reliable location information.
When all these sensor (2D/3D camera, laser radar and ultrasonic) data are fused together, as we can see in high-end consumer/professional service robots and industrial robots now, these robots can realize space perception, move and perform more complex tasks without damaging themselves, people or the surrounding environment.
Gesture Sensor
Gesture sensors are increasingly integrated into some of the most complex robots to help provide user interface commands. Gesture sensor technology includes optical sensor and control arm belt sensor wear and tear robot operator.
Using optical-based gesture sensors, robots can be trained to recognize specific hand movements and perform some tasks according to specific gestures or hand movements. These types of gesture sensors provide many opportunities for the disabled, limited communication capabilities and smart factories.
Using armband control system sensors, the wearer can cooperate in communication and control technology according to how the operator uses his arm. Industrial, medical or military education robots can perform and/or imitate some tasks. For example, surgeons wear armband sensors on each arm, which can effectively control the arm structure of a pair of telemedicine service robots for analysis and surgery, and may be far away from the other side of the earth.
The Torque Sensor
Force and torque sensors are increasingly used in today's next-generation robots. The torque sensor is not only used for the end actuators and clamps of the robot, but also for other parts of the robot, such as the trunk, arms, legs and head. These special torque sensors are used to monitor the speed movement of limbs, detect obstacles, and provide safety alarm to the central processor of the robot.
For example, when the torque sensor in the robot arm detects a sudden unexpected force generated by the arm hitting an object, its control safety software may cause the arm to stop moving and retract its position.
The torque sensor is also used with existing sensors and other safety monitoring sensors (such as environmental sensors) to provide the monitoring function of the entire safety area.
Environmental Sensor
Various environmental sensors are also entering the field of industrial and consumer robots. Environmental sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, pressure sensors and even lighting sensors can detect air quality. These sensors not only help to ensure that the robot can continue to operate effectively and safely, but also make the robot local people aware of unsafe environmental conditions.
Power Management Sensor
The power management sensor is also integrated into today's automatic robots to help extend the working time of robots between two charges and ensure that the lithium-ion battery (the most common battery in today's automatic robots) will not overheat or run out during use. See Figure 4.0
The power management sensor is also used for voltage regulation and power and thermal management of robot joint motors. All airborne robot electronic devices, such as microprocessors, sensors and actuators, need low noise ripple power supply and regulation functions to ensure their efficient and correct operation.
The new robot power management sensor solution includes coulomb counting of battery discharge and charging, accurate and reliable overheat monitoring sensor and current sensor in battery management equipment.
Due to the integration and integration of these new sensor technologies, today's latest robots can operate more independently and safely. In addition, due to the significant improvement of computing power, software and artificial intelligence, as well as working with these new sensor technologies, the next generation of robots is easier to meet various application requirements.
In addition, they can perform teaching tasks more accurately and faster than their predecessors. Finally, they can operate and manage more independently, cooperatively and safely with human society in a broader family, enterprise and manufacturing technology environment.
